<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><metadata>
<idinfo>
<citation>
<citeinfo>
<origin>USDA-FSA-APFO</origin>
<pubdate>20161028</pubdate>
<title>USDA-FSA-APFO Digital Ortho Mosaic</title>
<pubinfo>
<pubplace>Salt Lake City, Utah</pubplace>
<publish>USDA_FSA_APFO Aerial Photography Field Office</publish>
</pubinfo>
</citeinfo>
</citation>
<descript>
<abstract>
This data set contains imagery from the National
Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP
acquires digital ortho imagery during the
agricultural growing seasons in the continental U.S..
A primary goal of the NAIP program is to enable
availability of ortho imagery within one year of
acquisition. The NAIP provides two main products: 1
meter ground sample distance (GSD) ortho imagery
rectified to a horizontal accuracy within +/- 5 meters
of reference digital ortho quarter quads (DOQQ's) from
the National Digital Ortho Program (NDOP) or from the
National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP); 1 meter
or 1/2 meter GSD ortho imagery rectified within +/- 6
meters to true ground. The tiling format of NAIP imagery is
based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300
pixel buffer on all four sides. The NAIP imagery is
formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North
American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The NAIP imagery may
contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile. This file
was generated by compressing NAIP imagery that covers
the county extent. Two types of compression may be
used for NAIP imagery: MrSID and JPEG 2000. The target
value for the compression ratio is 15:1 for the 1 meter
imagery and 60:1 for the 1/2 meter imagery.
</abstract>
<purpose>
The NAIP imagery is typically available for distribution
within 60 days of the end of a flying season and is intended
to provide current information of agricultural conditions
in support of USDA farm programs. For USDA Farm Service
Agency, the 1 meter and 1/2 meter GSD product provides an
ortho image base for Common Land Unit boundaries and other
data sets. The NAIP imagery is generally acquired in
projects covering full states in cooperation with state
government and other federal agencies who use the
imagery for a variety of purposes including land use
planning and natural resource assessment. The NAIP is
also used for disaster response often providing the most
current pre-event imagery.
</purpose>
</descript>
<timeperd>
<timeinfo>
<sngdate>
<caldate>20160527</caldate>
</sngdate>
</timeinfo>
<current>Photography Source Image Dates.</current>
</timeperd>
<status>
<progress>Complete</progress>
<update>Irregular</update>
</status>
<spdom>
<bounding>
<westbc>-79.1923729015824</westbc>
<eastbc>-78.7447561578394</eastbc>
<northbc>36.5664298301891</northbc>
<southbc>36.1835678452536</southbc>
</bounding>
</spdom>
<keywords>
<theme>
<themekt>None</themekt>
<themekey>farming</themekey>
<themekey>Digital Ortho Rectified Image</themekey>
<themekey>Mosaic</themekey>
<themekey>Quarter Quadrangle</themekey>
<themekey>Ortho Rectification</themekey>
<themekey>Compression</themekey>
<themekey>MrSID</themekey>
<themekey>JPEG 2000</themekey>
<themekey>NAIP</themekey>
<themekey>Compliance</themekey>
<themekey>Aerial Compliance</themekey>
</theme>
<place>
<placekt>Geographic Names Information System</placekt>
<placekey>PERSON CO., NC</placekey>
<placekey>FIPS 37145</placekey>
<placekey>Person</placekey>
<placekey>NC</placekey>
</place>
</keywords>
<accconst>There are no limitations for access.</accconst>
<useconst>
None, The USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office asks to
be credited in derived products.
If defects are found in the NAIP imagery during the 1 year
warranty period such as horizontal offsets, replacement imagery
may be provided. Imagery containing defects that require the
acquisition of new imagery, such as excessive cloud cover,
specular reflectance, etc., will not be replaced within a
NAIP project year.
</useconst>
<ptcontac>
<cntinfo>
<cntorgp>
<cntorg>USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office</cntorg>
</cntorgp>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>2222 West 2300 South</address>
<city>Salt Lake City</city>
<state>Utah</state>
<postal>84119-2020</postal>
<country>USA</country>
</cntaddr>
<cntvoice>801-844-2922</cntvoice>
<cntfax>801-956-3653</cntfax>
<cntemail>apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov</cntemail>
</cntinfo>
</ptcontac>
<browse>
<browsen>withheld</browsen>
<browsed>None</browsed>
<browset>None</browset>
</browse>
<native>
NAIP 3.75 Quarter Quadrangles mosaicked into a County format
using data compression software. The target values for the
compression ratio are 15:1 for the 1 meter imagery and 60:1
for the 1/2 meter imagery.
</native>
</idinfo>
<dataqual>
<logic>
NAIP 3.75 minute tile file names are based
on the USGS quadrangle naming convention.
</logic>
<complete>None</complete>
<posacc>
<horizpa>
<horizpar>NAIP Specifications</horizpar>
</horizpa>
<vertacc>
<vertaccr>N/A 2d only</vertaccr>
</vertacc>
</posacc>
<lineage>
<srcinfo>
<srccite>
<citeinfo>
<origin>USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office</origin>
<pubdate>20161028</pubdate>
<title>PERSON CO, NC</title>
</citeinfo>
</srccite>
<srcscale>12000</srcscale>
<typesrc>External Media Types</typesrc>
<srctime>
<timeinfo>
<sngdate>
<caldate>20160527</caldate>
</sngdate>
</timeinfo>
<srccurr>Majority Aerial Photography Date</srccurr>
</srctime>
<srccitea>MrSID Compressed Image</srccitea>
<srccontr>Mosaicked County Image</srccontr>
</srcinfo>
<procstep>
<procdesc>
The imagery was collected using the following digital sensors:
Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10529)
Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10532)
Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10541)
Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10542)
Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10547)
Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10548)
with Flight and Sensor Control Management
System (FCMS) firmware 4.54.
Cameras are calibrated radiometrically and geometrically
by the manufacturer and are all certified by the USGS.
Collection was performed using a combination of the
following twin-engine aircraft:
Turbines flying at 16,500 ft above mean terrain
(tail number: AC90 N690LN)
(tail number: AC90 N910FC)
(tail number: C441 N441CJ)
(tail number: C441 N207SS)
(tail number: PA31 N22GE)
(tail number: PA31 N73TM)
With these flying heights, there is a 23% sidelap,
giving the collected data nominal ground sampling distance
of 0.40 meters at 16,500.
Based-upon the CCD Array configuration present in
the ADS digital sensor, imagery for each flight
line is 20,000-pixels in width. Red, Green, Blue,
Near-Infrared and Panchromatic image bands were collected.
The ADS 100 has the following band specifications:
Red 619-651
Green 525-585
Blue 435-495
Near Infrared 808-882
all values are in nanometers
Collected data was downloaded to portable hard drives and
shipped to the processing facility daily. Raw flight data
was extracted from external data drives using XPro software.
Airborne GPS / IMU data was post-processed using INYS,
PosPac and/or TerraPos software and reviewed to ensure
sufficient accuracy for project requirements.
Using Inpho software, planar rectified images were
generated from the collected data for use in image quality
review. The planar rectified images were generated at five
meter resolution using a two standard deviation histogram
stretch. Factors considered during this review included but
were not limited to the presence of smoke and/or cloud
cover, contrails, light conditions, sun glint and any sensor
or hardware-related issues that potentially could result in
faulty data. When necessary, image strips identified as not
meeting image quality specifications were re-flown to obtain
suitable imagery.
Aero triangulation blocks were defined primarily by order of
acquisition and consisted of four to seventeen strips.
Image tie points providing the observations for the least
squares bundle adjustment were selected from the images
using an auto correlation algorithm. Photogrammetric control
points consisted of photo identifiable control points,
collected using GPS field survey techniques. The control
points were loaded in to a softcopy workstation and measured
in the acquired image strips. A least squares bundle
adjustment of image pass points, control points and the
ABGPS was performed to develop an aero triangulation
solution for each block using Pictovera software.
Upon final bundle adjustment, the triangulated strips were
ortho-rectified to the digital elevation model (DEM) The most
recent USGS 10 meter DEMs were used in the rectification
process.
Positional accuracy was reviewed in the rectified imagery by
visually verifying the horizontal positioning of the known
photo-identifiable survey locations using ArcGIS software.
The red, green, blue, and infrared bands were combined to
generate a final ortho-rectified image strip. The ADS sensor
collects twelve bit image data which requires radiometric
adjustment for output in standard eight bit image channels.
The ortho-rectified image strips were produced with the
full 12 bit data range, allowing radiometric adjustment
to 8 bit range to be performed on a strip by strip basis
during the final mosaicking steps.
The 12 bit data range was adjusted for display in standard
eight bit image channels by defining a piecewise histogram
stretch using OrthoVista Radiometrix software. A constant
stretch was defined for each image collection period, and
then strip by strip adjustments were made as needed to
account for changes in sun angle and azimuth during the
collection period. Strip adjustments were also made to
match the strips histograms as closely as possible to
APFO specified histogram metrics and color balance
requirements. Automated balancing algorithms were applied
to account for bi- directional reflectance as a final step
before the conversion to 8 bit data range. The imagery was
mosaicked using manual seam line generation in OrthoVista.
APFO specified DOQQs were extracted from the final mosaic in
GeoTIFF format. 4-Band DOQQs were produced and 3-Band RGB
CCMs were created. DOQQs corresponding to an individual CCM
were reviewed for overall color balance within the CCM.
Local corrections were made where necessary to ensure
uniformity within the CCM. In the case of DOQQs occurring
in more than one CCM, a separate version of the image was
generated and balanced for each CCM it occurred in. The
color balanced DOQQs were then compressed to MrSID
Generation 3 format at 15:1 compression ratio to create a
composite CCM.
</procdesc>
<procdate>20161028</procdate>
</procstep>
</lineage>
</dataqual>
<spdoinfo>
<indspref>PERSON CO., NC ortho_1-1_1n_s_nc145_2016_1</indspref>
<direct>Raster</direct>
<rastinfo>
<rasttype>Pixel</rasttype>
</rastinfo>
</spdoinfo>
<spref>
<horizsys>
<planar>
<gridsys>
<gridsysn>Universal Transverse Mercator</gridsysn>
<utm>
<utmzone>17</utmzone>
<transmer>
<sfctrmer>0.9996</sfctrmer>
<longcm>-81</longcm>
<latprjo>0.0</latprjo>
<feast>500000</feast>
<fnorth>0.0</fnorth>
</transmer>
</utm>
</gridsys>
<planci>
<plance>row and column</plance>
<coordrep>
<absres>1.000000</absres>
<ordres>1.000000</ordres>
</coordrep>
<plandu>meters</plandu>
</planci>
</planar>
<geodetic>
<horizdn>North American Datum of 1983</horizdn>
<ellips>Geodetic Reference System 80</ellips>
<semiaxis>6378137</semiaxis>
<denflat>298.257</denflat>
</geodetic>
</horizsys>
</spref>
<eainfo>
<overview>
<eaover>ortho_1-1_1n_s_nc145_2016_1</eaover>
<eadetcit>None</eadetcit>
</overview>
</eainfo>
<distinfo>
<distrib>
<cntinfo>
<cntperp>
<cntper>Supervisor Customer Services Section</cntper>
<cntorg>USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office</cntorg>
</cntperp>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>2222 West 2300 South</address>
<city>Salt Lake City</city>
<state>Utah</state>
<postal>84119-2020</postal>
<country>USA</country>
</cntaddr>
<cntvoice>801-844-2922</cntvoice>
<cntfax>801-956-3653</cntfax>
<cntemail>apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov</cntemail>
</cntinfo>
</distrib>
<resdesc>Mosaicked County Image for Person, NC FIPS 37145</resdesc>
<distliab>
In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors
of this information be liable for any damages arising out
of its use (or the inability to use it).
</distliab>
<stdorder>
<digform>
<digtinfo>
<formname>Compressed County Mosaic</formname>
<formcont>Natural Color</formcont>
</digtinfo>
<digtopt>
<onlinopt>
<computer>
<networka>
<networkr>withheld</networkr>
</networka>
</computer>
</onlinopt>
<offoptn>
<offmedia>DVD-R</offmedia>
<recfmt>ISO 9660</recfmt>
</offoptn>
<offoptn>
<offmedia>USB Hard Disk</offmedia>
<recfmt>NTFS</recfmt>
</offoptn>
<offoptn>
<offmedia>FireWire Hard Disk</offmedia>
<recfmt>NTFS</recfmt>
</offoptn>
<offoptn>
<offmedia>Flash drive</offmedia>
<recfmt>Fat32 or NTFS</recfmt>
</offoptn>
</digtopt>
</digform>
<fees>
Contact the Aerial Photography Field Office
for more information
</fees>
</stdorder>
</distinfo>
<metainfo>
<metd>20161028</metd>
<metc>
<cntinfo>
<cntorgp>
<cntorg>USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office</cntorg>
</cntorgp>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>2222 West 2300 South</address>
<city>Salt Lake City</city>
<state>Utah</state>
<postal>84119-2020</postal>
<country>USA</country>
</cntaddr>
<cntvoice>801-844-2900</cntvoice>
</cntinfo>
</metc>
<metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
<metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
</metainfo>
<Esri>
<CreaDate>20170712</CreaDate>
<CreaTime>12065700</CreaTime>
<SyncOnce>TRUE</SyncOnce>
<DataProperties>
<itemProps/>
</DataProperties>
</Esri>
</metadata>
